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Did Jesus say He was God?

He did. Many times and in many different ways and not in the way many would want him to say it.

In John 10, Jesus explained that a shepherd enters through the front gate and calls the sheep. They follow their master. An interesting statement, not immediately understood.

Jesus used this figure of speech, but they did not understand what he was telling them. John 10:6

He clarifies by saying He is the gate and the shepherd. Jesus stated that He is way people come to God and the one who calls them.

“I am the good shepherd; I know my sheep and my sheep know me—just as the Father knows me and I know the Father—and I lay down my life for the sheep. I have other sheep that are not of this sheep pen. I must bring them also. They too will listen to my voice, and there shall be one flock and one shepherd. The reason my Father loves me is that I lay down my life—only to take it up again. No one takes it from me, but I lay it down of my own accord. I have authority to lay it down and authority to take it up again. This command I received from my Father.” John 10:14-18

This they understood. He just revealed he had authority from God and that he and the Father are in a very close relationship.  The religious leaders called Him demon possessed for this statement.

Later, the people wanted to know if He was the Messiah.  Jesus returned to the sheep statements he made and said he already told them.

Jesus answered, “I did tell you, but you do not believe. The miracles I do in my Father’s name speak for me, but you do not believe because you are not my sheep. My sheep listen to my voice; I know them, and they follow me. I give them eternal life, and they shall never perish; no one can snatch them out of my hand. My Father, who has given them to me, is greater than all; no one can snatch them out of my Father’s hand. I and the Father are one.”
Again the Jews picked up stones to stone him, but Jesus said to them, “I have shown you many great miracles from the Father. For which of these do you stone me?”
“We are not stoning you for any of these,” replied the Jews, “but for blasphemy, because you, a mere man, claim to be God.” John 10:25-33

Clearly they understood what Jesus said—He and God are one. That’s why they picked up stones to punish him for the sin of blasphemy (calling himself God).  Jesus said clearly in this statement that he gives eternal life to people and protects them in his hand, powers only God could have.

Jesus frequently used the term “Son of man” to describe Himself. The term appears throughout Ezekiel and most prominently in Daniel Chapter 7.

“In my vision at night I looked, and there before me was one like a son of man, coming with the clouds of heaven. He approached the Ancient of Days and was led into his presence. He was given authority, glory and sovereign power; all peoples, nations and men of every language worshiped him. His dominion is an everlasting dominion that will not pass away, and his kingdom is one that will never be destroyed. Daniel 7:13-14

That phrase "son of man" reveals one who has the power to judge, with authority and deserves glory from the whole earth. The son of man is eternal and has an everlasting kingdom. Who else would this be but God?  Jesus called himself by that phrase all the time.

At Jesus’ baptism and his transfiguration, God appeared on the scene and proclaimed “This is my son.” Jesus didn’t have to say anything. God said it for him.

The religious leaders crucified Jesus because he called himself God in a way they understood. Jesus didn’t say “I am God” in a way that many wanted Him to say, but to the people of His day, it was very clear.